Ticuna has many suprasegmental constrasts including 5 surface level tones, 4 surface contour tones, contrastive creaky voice, and contrastive nasality. My transcriptions use a practical orthography which I created in order to type Ticuna using only ASCII characters. The following tables show the equivalences between my practical orthography, the current official Ticuna orthography in Peru, and IPA. -Consonants- Practical Peru Official IPA Comment p p p t t t tS ch tʃ k c, qu (/_i,e) k 7 x ʔ b b b d d d J y ɟ g g g f f ɸ f, W, and kw are one phoneme with 3 sociolinguistic variants W f ʍ kw f kʷ m m m n n n N ñ ɲ ng ng ŋ nG ng j̃, ʎ Sociolinguistic variant of ng before oral vowels w w w r r ɾ -Vowels- Practical Peru Official IPA Comment a a a e e e i i i o o o u u u au au au Diphthong ai ai ai Diphthong + ü ɨ # ü̃ ɨ̃ Exception to the nasality orthography below -Suprasegmentals other than tone- Practical Peru Official IPA Comment A, E, I, O, U ã, ẽ, ĩ, õ, ũ ã, ẽ, ĩ, õ, ũ Capitalization of a vowel indicates nasality AU, AI ãũ, ãĩ ãũ, ãĩ Both vowels in a nasal diphthong are capitalized _a, etc. a̠ a̰ Underscore before a vowel indicates laryngealization _au, _ai a̠u̠, a̠i̠ a̰ṵ, a̰ḭ Only one underscore written before a laryngealized diphthong _A, etc. ã̠ ã̰ Vowels can be both nasal and laryngealized _AU, _AI ã̠ũ̠, ã̠ĩ̠ ã̰ṵ̃, ã̰ḭ̃ Diphthongs can be both nasal and larynegalized -Tones- Practical Peru Official Chao tone numerals 1 n/a 11 2 n/a 12/22 (can have rise) 3 n/a 23/33 (can have rise) 4 n/a 45/55 (can have rise) 5 acute accent 55 31 n/a 31/32 (size of fall varies) 41 n/a 41/42 (size of fall varies) 43 n/a 43 51 acute accent 52 Other relevant information about the practical orthography: - I write surface tones and not underlying tones. - Since the practical orthography is case sensitive, I try not to capitalize proper names. - A vowel written multiple times with only one tone (e.g. Jeeeeee5a2ma4) means that the speaker drew out the vowel as part of the sentence prosody, not that the vowel is phonologically long.